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ngq, you sexy beast! Here is a sanity check for that clean meta. ;)
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                    [post_title] => Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research
                    [post_excerpt] => Committed to effectiveness, excellence and equity in global health, we conduct research, teach and form partnerships to address 21st century global health challenges.
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An article by the WHO Director General and President of Costa Rica remind us that COVID-19 will remain a global threat everywhere as long as it is present anywhere, demanding a collective and collaborative global response. At the World Health Assembly last month, Costa Rica took leadership in proposing a new COVID-19 Technology Access Pool (C-TAP) that would allow all participating countries, research partnerships and companies to share data, knowledge and intellectual property relating to diagnostics, treatments and vaccines for COVID-19. The mechanism was launched in the first week of June and has attracted at least 30 countries after resolutions by the WHA and UN General Assembly were adopted in support of “universal, timely, and equitable access to health technologies.”


At the Global Vaccine Summit on June 4, countries, philanthropic foundations and private companies pledged US$8.8 billion towards the WHO Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator, which places special emphasis on access.


While the IMF reports that countries have committed over $10 trillion USD in global fiscal response to the pandemic (of which 90% is in OECD countries), the monthly funding update by UNOCHA shows that only about $2 billion has been pledged thus far for the COVID-19 Global Humanitarian Response Plan ( that requests 6.7 B USD). This represents less than 18% of requested emergency funding for UN and aid agencies needed for supplies and logistical support to reach those in urgent need of assistance.


                    [post_title] => Globalizing the COVID-19 Response
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                    [post_title] => Advanced Disaster, Emergency and Rapid Response Simulation
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                    [post_content] => COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JH) - Track how the novel coronavirus is spreading around the globe with up-to-date visuals that give context to the data collected on Johns Hopkins University's COVID-19 map.
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Global Map of COVID-19 Innovations


StartupBlink in collaboration with Health Innovation Exchange (a UNAIDS initiative) and the Moscow Agency of Innovations launched a Coronavirus Innovation Map this week. The platform aims to connect innovators with venture capital and government officials in order to support the response to COVID-19 and address its impacts across five categories: prevention, diagnosis, treatment, information and life and business adaptation. Over 500 innovations are currently on the visual database, and the Health Innovation Exchange has committed to producing a report on shortlisted innovations to share with country partners.


Local Challenges, Local Solutions: African Innovators and COVID-19


Among the WHO reforms in 2018 were three key priorities: increasing capacity around digital health, recruiting diverse and younger leaders, and seeking local solutions to local challenges. This past week, the WHO AFRO Regional Office hosted an inaugural virtual event at the intersection of all three: showcasing solutions by young African innovators that have been implemented to address local challenges in responding to the pandemic. From the 350 innovators in attendance, the virtual event highlighted eight projects, including interactive public transport contact tracing apps, mobile testing booths and low-cost critical care beds. The event builds on a ‘Hackathon’ the WHO AFRO Region hosted in April to develop scalable solutions that align with one of the priority areas, providing seed funding to three projects.


Ten actions to boost local manufacturing in developing countries


Record demand globally for medical supplies like PPEs, diagnostics and treatments for COVID-19 has disproportionately affected affordability and access in developing countries. While local and regional production has gained more prominence, producers and investors in developing countries often face unique challenges. The UNCTAD highlights at least five: lack of capital, technical and resource capacity; low quality and regulatory standards; weak enabling policy frameworks; small markets and unstable demand; and poor physical infrastructure. In order to increase coordination and cooperation with existing initiatives (e.g. WHO voluntary technology pool and ACT Accelerator Global Response Framework) and partner agencies (e.g. The Global Fund, UNICEF, UNIDO, and UNAIDS), the UCTAD proposes the following ten actions to boost medicine production capacity in developing countries:


    

  1. Investment in skills development to ensure GMP-compliant production
    2. 

  2. Sharing COVID-19-related technologies to enable affordable mass production
    3. 

  3. Target impact investors to access necessary capital
    4. 

  4. Build partnerships to initiate “lighthouse” projects on low-hanging fruit
    5. 

  5. Improve investment incentives to increase local firms’ sustainability
    6. 

  6. Use streamlined regulation to facilitate investment
    7. 

  7. Invest in infrastructure
    8. 

  8. Emphasize the regional approach to reduce costs
    9. 

  9. Seek funding from official development assistance
    10. 

  10. Ensure sustainability of efforts despite an unpredictable market
    11. 



                    [post_title] => Innovative responses look for solutions
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                    [post_content] => 
As countries eagerly hope to end the lockdowns that have decimated national economies, one idea that has gained traction is the issuance of immunity passports to those that have either tested negative or recovered from COVID-19. In Nature, however, an article this week outlines four practical challenges and six ethical objections to immunity passports:


    

  1. Unclear whether recovered patients develop immunity to future exposure to virus.
    2. 

  2. Serological testing for antibodies remains unreliable (low specificity and specificity).
    3. 

  3. No country has sufficient serological testing capacity (minimum of two per person).
    4. 

  4. Only a small fraction of the population would be certified (e.g. less than 0.5% of the U.S. population based on current number of confirmed cases).
    5. 

  5. Systems to monitor immunity will erode privacy and increase the risk of forgery.
    6. 

  6. Marginalized communities will be disproportionately impacted, including profiling and potential harms to racial, sexual, religious or other minority groups.
    7. 

  7. Unfair access due to testing shortages and systemic inequities.
    8. 

  8. Create further inequity between immuno-privileged and vulnerable communities.
    9. 

  9. Could open the possibility for discrimination on the basis of other health information (e.g. mental health status, genetic tests) by employers, insurers, or law enforcement.
    10. 

  10. Can lead to perverse incentives, e.g. if social and economic liberties are only granted to people who recover from COVID-19.
    11. 



                    [post_title] => Immunity Passports: 10 practical challenges and ethical objections
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                    [post_content] => 
An alarming new study of more than 200 million Twitter posts since January that mention COVID-19, estimates that 45% were sent by accounts that behave more like bots than humans. Although the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University are not able to conclusively identify the individuals or groups behind the accounts, the bot activity is two- to three-times higher than projections based on prior disasters, crises and elections. The study also identifies at least 100 false narratives about the Coronavirus pandemic that bot accounts have disseminated, including theories about hospitals being filled with mannequins or tweets that link disease transmission to 5G technology. In addition to inciting fear and social disorder (in the U.K., for example, dozens of wireless towers have been destroyed), misinformation on social media poses significant public health risks.


The twin issues of increasing access to the internet and fighting misinformation have been core priorities of the UN Secretary General, who last week announced the launch of a new ‘Verified’ The program will aim to recruit millions of ‘digital first responders’ around the world to counter misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic. This network of ‘information volunteers’ would also share a daily fact-based UN feed that either fill an information void or that actively counter false narratives about the pandemic.


The Smithsonian Science Education Center also released a rapid response guide for young people on the science and social science of the novel Coronavirus based on the UN SDGs. COVID-19: How Can I Protect Myself and Others? was developed in collaboration with the WHO and the InterAcademy Partnership, a global network of over 140 national academies of science, engineering, and medicine. The guide is currently available in 16 languages (particularly African and Asian languages) and for various age groups (ranging from 8 to 17), providing learning activities, tasks as well as tools for young people to keep themselves, their families and communities safe.


                    [post_title] => Recruiting Digital First Responders to counter pandemic misinformation
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                    [post_content] => 
Global demand for face masks has far outpaced supply, impacting health care workers but also the public, as governments are increasingly mandating face coverings as a precondition for lifting lockdowns. According to the latest guidance from the WHO and the S. CDC, however, face masks are only recommended for healthy people that are not able to socially distance or if they are taking care of someone with COVID-19.


Limited access and soaring prices have disproportionately affected vulnerable populations, particularly as more than 50 countries have made mask-wearing in public mandatory. In March, the WHO estimated that 89 million medical masks would be required each month. Although companies around the world have repurposed their manufacturing capacity to develop face masks, quality control has been a significant issue with millions of masks rejected for failing to meet international standards. Many of these masks were made in China, which increased production 12-fold since January, and is projected to account for 85% of all masks globally by the end of the year (compared to just over half in 2019).


A pre-print study from the University of Edinburgh provided two conclusions when analyzing aerosol dispersion from a variety of different face coverings. First, while medical respirator masks provide protection against inhaling germs, they may not protect others from exhaled germs, which suggests greater caution by the public in maintaining a distance from someone wearing respirator masks. The second relevant conclusion is that even home-made cloth masks and face shields are effective at blocking upwards of 50% of exhaled germs (granted they fit closely all around the face)


                    [post_title] => Face masks: latest guidance, demand and supply challenges
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“Impartial, independent, and comprehensive evaluation”


For the first time in the WHO’s history, its annual World Health Assembly (WHA) was entirely virtual. With a focus almost entirely on the Coronavirus pandemic, the condensed two-day meeting was preceded by three weeks of intense negotiations.


The most significant outcome this year was the adoption of a COVID-19 resolution that was proposed by the European Union and supported by 120 countries that contained three major elements (A73/CONF/1), including an “impartial, independent, and comprehensive evaluation (of the) international health response to COVID-19.” In the closing remarks, the WHO Director General affirmed that the review would take place “as soon as possible.”


Rising geopolitical tensions shape emergent Global Health institutions and practices


The WHA opened with a failed motion to grant Taiwan Observer status, underscoring growing tensions in part arising from accusations by the U.S. (and shared by other Western and Pacific Asian countries) that China was not transparent in the early days of the pandemic.


In a letter, the U.S. President threatened to permanently eliminate the funding that was temporarily withdrawn from the WHO, suggesting the U.S. would pursue bilateral aid channels including US$500 million to 40 ‘at risk’ countries. The President of China addressed the Assembly directly pledging US$2 billion over the next two years to support COVID-19 response efforts in developing countries, and an ambition to establish China as a “global humanitarian response capital and hub.” Focusing on African countries in particular, President Xi referenced debt suspension initiatives, building “green corridors” to accelerate delivery of essential goods as well as partnering with 30 major hospitals in Africa to build a China Centres for Disease Control headquarters on the continent.


‘No monopolies on access’ to COVID treatments and vaccines in a pandemic


The negotiations on access to treatments and future vaccines were far more divisive. Led by Costa Rica, developing countries and civil society organizations expressed particular concern about ensuring equitable access, including to COVID-related knowledge, lessons learned, experience, and best practices. The WHO Secretariat will have until May 29 to develop a framework for a voluntary COIVD-19 Intellectual Property Pool for patents and clinical trial data, while the EU-led resolution also references WTO TRIPS flexibilities allowing countries to override patents to ensure access.


COVID is a ‘wake-up call to our global fragility’


In his address to the World Health Assembly, the UN Secretary General called for greater unity and solidarity along three dimensions: a coordinated and comprehensive health response guided by the WHO and focusing on developing countries; policies to address the social and economic dimensions of the COVID crisis; and a response and recovery plan based on equity, inclusion and sustainability centred on human rights. Given the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, some civil society organizations such as South Centre expressed disappointment in the lack of ambition of the COVID-19 resolution. Knowledge Ecology International (KEI) likewise referred to the “typical watered down, lawyered ambiguity” of the final draft that fails to limit legal monopolies that could affect access (they noted that other proposals like Canada’s would have called for “universal and non-exclusive and open-licensing” that referenced data sharing and more expansive mandate beyond existing mechanisms).


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  • The WEF recognizes that lack of clean water and sanitation services in informal settlements and slums will increase their vulnerability to the pandemic

      

    • UNICEF issues Guidance on WASH and Infection Prevention & Control in health facilities
      • 

    

    • 

  • Linking aerosol characteristics of size distributions, core potential pathogens and toxic metals to wastewater treatment process (Environmental Pollution)
    • 

  • Making waves: Coronavirus detection, presence and persistence in the water environment: State of the art and knowledge needs for public health (Water Research)
    • 



                    [post_title] => Snapshot of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene
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  • A new WHO study projects that up to 190,000 people in Africa could die and an additional 29-44 million could get infected by the Coronavirus in the first year if containment measures fail.
    • 

  • Harvard Professor Joseph Nye – one of the world’s leading scholars on global governance- examines the “abysmal failure of leadership” from the U.S. and China, urging that more global solidarity and recognition of mutual interest is essential to address the pandemic
    • 

  • In collaboration with DIGHR, the Ilisaqsivik Society, and Médecins Sans Frontières (Latin), SeeChange Initiative is launching a Community Roadmap planning tool today to support communities organize, prepare and respond to COVID-19. See:

      

    • CommunityFirst COVID-19 Emergency Readiness Checklist
      • 

    • What the Covid-19 pandemic is teaching us about community (STAT)
      • 

    

    • 

  • In a commentary, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Kailash Satyarthi, highlights the compassionate work of community and civil-society groups working with vulnerable populations, urging G20 to increase international aid and coordination through UN agencies like WHO, UNICEF and UNOCHA.
    • 

  • A study in Lancet Global Health projects an additional 0.25-1.2 million children under 5 could die indirectly in the next six months as a result of the pandemic though disruption of health systems and decreased access to food. This would be the first increase in global child mortality since World War II. The researchers from Johns Hopkins also estimate that indirect maternal deaths could rise from 8% to 38%.
    • 

  • An analysis by the New York Times reveals spikes in fatalities across Latin America (including Brazil, Ecuador and Peru) that exceed the worst pandemic trajectories in Europe and the U.S. The Brazilian president, when asked about the death toll, replied “So what? What do you want me to do?”.
    • 

  • Amazon indigenous leaders warn of the potentially devastating effects of COVID-19 (New Humanitarian), where “no specific attention has been given to indigenous communities”.In Brazil, the potential effects highlight the lack of government support with food and health services. The former health minister of Ecuador, meanwhile, warns that “everyone is at risk” if marginalized communities are not able to afford basic health services, while officials in Mexico suggest that thousands of deaths are not being reported, obscuring the true toll of the COVID-19 epidemic.
    • 

  • China, South Korea and Japan are experiencing a resurgence in COVID cases, as the WHO and public health experts warn against lifting containment measures too early (CNBC)

      

    • Authorities in Wuhan plan to test all 11 million residents over the next ten days after discovering new infections for the first time since its lockdown was lifted, prioritizing vulnerable groups and high-density areas (BBC)
      • 

    

    • 

  • Exceptionally heavy seasonal rains across East Africa since late April have resulted in widespread floods that caused a heavy loss of life and property, compounding the risks to human health and food security from the COVID-19 pandemic and the most serious desert locust invasion in decades. (WMO)
    • 

  • COVID­19 epitomises why a “One Health” approach – which recognises the fundamental interconnectedness of humans, animals, and their shared environment-  is key to ensuring the healthy and sustainable future of the planet. co­Chairs of the Lancet One Health Commission are  calling for a COVID-19 One Health Research Coalition (Lancet)
    • 



                    [post_title] => Snapshot of State of the Pandemic
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  • Two papers suggest that the Infection Fatality Rate (IFR) for COVID-19 may be “significantly higher” than previously thought. In Health Affairs, authors estimates an IFR of 1.3% among symptomatic cases in the U.S., while a paper in the Journal of Econometrics cautions against comparison due to variability across countries in testing strategies and testing accuracies.
    • 

  • WHO Europe issued a new guidance document that recommends expanding nurse-led models of care to improve access to care to during the pandemic


    • 

  • In collaboration with the WHO, the U.S. CDC is launching a new weekly webinar series for Infection Prevention & Control in healthcare settings. The first webinar on ‘Triage of COVID-19 Patients: Operational Considerations and Practical Examples’ will be Thursday, May 14

      

    • Johns Hopkins offers a free online course on Contact Tracing (Coursera)
      • 

    

    • 

  • A paper in the Journal of Virology and a commentary in GUT point to gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting in a quarter of patients in China
    • 

  • A new study suggests that patients with mild cases cleared the Coronavirus in five less days on a combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir and ribavirin (Lancet)
    • 

  • Patients that have recovered from COVID-19 are selling their blood plasma at significant prices to healthy patients that believe it will confer immunity (KHN, WSJ)
    • 



                    [post_title] => Snapshot of Clinical Public Health
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            [post_title] => Dahdaleh Institute for Global Health Research
            [post_excerpt] => Committed to effectiveness, excellence and equity in global health, we conduct research, teach and form partnerships to address 21st century global health challenges.
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